The area investigated is "Palagiano" and is located in the province of Taranto (Italy). In the examined area there are two different aquifers: the deep and shallow one. Tools involved were: First DRASTIC methodology within GIS was used to assess the vulnerability to potential contamination of groundwater. The aquifer vulnerability map show very high and extremely high degree of vulnerability. The second part consists in the control of the current groundwater quality and soil fertility by making analysis on some physical and chemical parameters. The maximum nitrate concentration detected did not exceed the limit of 50 mg/L. The third part consists in the drawing of the salinity and nitrate maps using SURFER. We found that: (a) In the basic aquifer, the salinity is function of the distance from the coast and the distribution of nitrate is heterogeneous.
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(b) In the upper aquifer, the salinity is an increase from winter to summer and the nitrate concentrations are high. Finally MODFLOW was used for simulating groundwater flow and transport contaminant. Results show that by the year 2018 the nitrate concentrations in some location in the shallow aquifer would be more than 100 mg/L.
